Operators are one of the important feature of every language.
Operators are one of the important feature of every language.
Operators are one of the important feature of every language. In php operators are classified in following categories:
Name | Symbol | Example | Output |
Addition | + | 2+2 | 4 |
Subtraction | - | 2-2 | 0 |
Division | / | 2/2 | 1 |
Multiplication | * | 2*2 | 4 |
Modulus | % | 2%2 | 0 |
Increment | ++ | let $x=2 ++$x |
3 |
Decrement | -- | let $y=5 --$y |
4 |
Negation | - | let $a=2 -$a |
-2 |
Name | Symbol | Example | Output |
is equal | = = | 2= =2 | True |
is not equal | != | 2!=1 | True |
is not equal | <> | 2!=2 | False |
is greater than | > | 2>1 | True |
is less than | < | 3<4 | True |
is less than equal | <= | 2<=4 | True |
is greater than equal | >= | 2>=4 | False |
Name | Symbol | Example | Output/Meaning |
assignment | = | $x=2 | assigns 2 into x |
combined operator (addition) | += | let $x=2 $x+=2 |
value of x will be 4 |
combined operator (subtraction) | -= | let $x=2 $x-=2 |
value of x will be 0 |
combined operator (multiplication) | *= | let $x=3 $x*=2 |
value of x will be 6 |
combined operator (division) | /= | let $x=2 $x/=2 |
value of x will be 1 |
combined operator (modulus) | %= | let $x=2 $x%=2 |
value of x will be 0 |
Name | Symbol | Example | Output/Meaning |
And | and | $x and $y | true if both are true |
Or | or | $x or $y | true if at least one is true |
Xor | xor | $x xor $y | true if both equal, false if both unequal |
Not | ! | ! $a | returns true if variable is false, and vice versa |
And | && | $a && $b | true if both are true |
Or | || | $a || $b | true if at least one variable is true |
Name | Symbol | Example | Output/Meaning |
Concatenation Operator | . (Period symbol) | let $a="Hello", $b="World" $a.$b |
HelloWorld |
Concatenating Assignment Operator | .= | let $a="Hello", $a.="World" |
HelloWorld |
Name | Symbol | Example | Output/Meaning |
And | & | let $a=11 and $b=5 $a & $b |
1 |
Or (Inclusive Or) | | | let $a=11 and $b=5 $a | $b |
15 |
Xor (Exclusive Or) | ^ | let $a=11 and $b=5 $a ^ $b |
14 |
Not | ~ | let $a=11 ~ $a |
-12 |
Right shift | >> | let $a=11 and $b=2 $a >> $b |
2 |
Left shift | << | let $a=11 and $b=2 $a << $b |
44 |
Name | Symbol | Example | Output/Meaning |
Error control operator | @ | [email protected]$array['name']; | will not generate any error message if index 'name' is not present |
Name | Symbol | Example | Output/Meaning |
backticks | `` | `ls -l` | this operator is used to execute shell commands, the output can be stored in a variable also. |
Let us consider the following arrays:
$a=array("lang"=>"Java", "platform"=>"Cross");
$b=array("lang"=>"php", "platform"=>"Cross", "Year"=>"1995");
Name | Symbol | Example | Output/Meaning |
Union | + | $a + $b | Array ( [lang] => php [paradigm] => imperative [Year] => 1995 ) |
Equality | = = | $a = = $b | (Since both are unequal, no output will be generated) |
Identity | = = = | $a = = = $b | (Since both are unequal, no output will be generated) |
Inequality | != | $a != $b | 1 (Since both are unequal) |
Inequality | <> | $a <> $b | 1 (Since both are unequal) |
Non-identity | != = | $a != = $b | 1 (Since both are unequal) |
In this example let us consider the following case:
<?php
class
First{}class
Second{}$a
=new First();print_r(
$a instanceof First);print_r(
$a instanceof Second);?>
Name | Symbol | Example | Output/Meaning |
instanceof | instanceof | AS ABOVE | 1 (Since $a is the instance of class First) and On the second line nothing will be generated as $a is not the instance of class Second |
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