Basic selectors are fine to gain access to most elements, but if you want to control the stylings of very specific elements, you?ll need more complex selectors.
Tutorial Details:
CSS CSS Advanced Selectors Tutoria
Selectors are the way you reference the parts of your HTML documents with the styles you want to have applied to them. CSS2 and CSS3 brought with them a host of new selector specifications, designed to allow greater access to the elements and parts of those elements that make up each and every webpage. These new syntax rules allow greater flexibility and accuracy in defining exactly which parts of your page get styled.
They are therefore more suited to adding finishing touches for browsers that support them ? small design finesses and useful but non-critical visual feedback nuances. The advanced combinators allow you to define styles that are based on a more complex rule that will be applied to more specific elements. Originally, it was possible to get to descendant-elements through contextual styles.
The adjacency combinator (a plus sign, + ) allows you to style an element if it has been directly preceded by another specified element . This comes in very handy when working out margins and such. For instance, you may give your headings large margins so they stand out from normal text, but if two headings come one after the other, you may want to control the margin between them as a special case, like so:
h1, h2 {margin: 3em 0; }
h1 + h2 {margin-top: 1em; }
Child Combinator
The child combinator (denoted by the greater-than symbol, > ) can be used to combine two elements, and will only be applied if the second element comes directly after the first . It looks like this:
p > em {font-size: larger; }
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