JavaServer Pages (JSP) technology supports application object reuse through includes, which allow other files (including other JSPs) to be sourced into a JSP file either at compile time or dynamically at application runtime. This is great for abstracting
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JavaServer Pages (JSP) technology supports application object reuse through includes, which allow other files (including other JSPs) to be sourced into a JSP file either at compile time or dynamically at application runtime. This is great for abstracting common elements of pages such as headers, footers, and menus into reusable chunks that can be used by several files.
Includes are powerful and save time, but they still create potential for a great deal of element duplication. Each JSP file that sources in common elements duplicates the include definitions. If the names of files being included change, each of the files that references them (using includes) must also be updated.
The Tiles framework was created to address this limitation and to enhance the Struts framework. Tiles extends the concept of reuse via includes by allowing you to define layouts (or templates) and then specify how the layouts are populated with content.
With the JSP include paradigm, each JSP specifies its layout and explicitly populates that layout via includes. Most JSP layouts are identical, sourcing in the same files in the same places and then including only one section of unique content (body content). With Tiles, you define a master layout JSP that specifies each of the includes that fill in that layout, and then you define which content should fill in the layout, using an external configuration file. For example, suppose you have a typical Web site layout: a header at the top of the page, a menu on the left, body content in the middle, and a footer at the bottom. If you implement this layout using only JSP includes, each JSP with this layout has to explicitly include the header, menu, and footer sections as well as the body content of the page. The only unique part of the page is the body content. If you implement this layout with Tiles, however, you will create one JSP that includes the header, menu, and footer and you will dynamically include the body content, based on an attribute passed to the layout that indicates which JSP includes the body content. This Tiles layout can then be reused over and over for as many pages as you'd like, and the only thing your content JSPs have to contain is the specific, unique body content that goes in the middle of a page.
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