Get to know Jython, in this first article in a new series introducing alternate languages for the Java Runtime Environment, alt.lang.jre. Jython is an implementation of the popular scripting language Python, but running on a JVM. For Python developers Jyt
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Features of Jython
Jython syntax is line-oriented and similar to English while fully supporting the structured and object-oriented programming styles of languages such as Java and C++. Jython code can be directly interpreted or it can be translated to Java source that is automatically compiled to class files (see Resources). Compiled Jython classes can be executed independently from the Jython interpreter or used from Java code as if they were Java classes (for example, to develop applets or servlets).
As previously stated, Jython's productivity is its strongest asset. Some of the unique features of Jython (as compared to the Java language) are as follows:
Code can be entered and run line-by-line in interactive mode, which can improve learning and promote experimental use.
Variables are dynamically typed on assignment, so there is no need to pre-declare variables or use the new operator. These enhancements can significantly increase programming flexibility and also reduce the text size of your programs, thus increasing your productivity.
String operations are extensive and easily accessed (for example, x == y in Jython is the same as x.equals(y) in the Java language).
Adapter objects are automatically generated and automatically provide default Java interface implementations, making it much easier to implement event handler callbacks.
Natural indefinite precision integer values (that is, trivial access to a java.math.BigInteger-like type) and natural complex values allow Jython to easily support many more mathematical applications than are supported by the Java language.
Dynamic attributes (each class instance acts like a Java Map) allow far more dynamic class functionality.
Enhanced importing (like Java 1.5's import static) increase flexibility and modularity.
Classless and mainless (that is, open) code increase productivity for procedural programs (such as scripts).
Multiple public variables, functions, and/or classes per source file reduce the number of source files you must maintain, which simplifies large-scale development.
Default arguments on functions and methods greatly reduce the number of overloaded methods you need to create.
Keyword arguments on functions and methods increase the self-documentation and flexibility of your code.
Functional programming (functions are first-class objects) provide a very powerful and flexible style of programming that is lacking in the Java language.
Multiple inheritance supports a much richer inheritance hierarchy for the problems that require it.
Operator overloading allows new data types to be created that seamlessly integrate into the language.
This list gives you a good overview of the structural utility of Jython. In the sections that follow, I'll describe some of the elements that comprise Jython's productivity advantage -- namely data types and statement types.
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