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An introduction to Model 2Xince the Java Servlet API's inception, developers have used diverse technologies to develop Web applications in Java. Recently, developers have started to recognize the merits of Model 2, a scheme derived from the Model-View-Controller (MVC) paradigm. Model 2's benefits include an improved separation of the application logic and presentation layers. Struts, built on top of Model 2, additionally offers Java developers a generic controller servlet, centralized configuration, resource management, and error handling.

In this article, we introduce Model 2X, a scheme that further enhances Struts. By replacing JSPs (JavaServer Pages) with XML and XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations), Model 2X offers an even better approach to separating logic and presentation. We start with an introduction to Model 1 and Model 2, describe how Struts implements MVC, and finally show how XML and XSLT can be used to improve the existing models.

Model 1 Understanding Model 1 is crucial to understanding the subsequent architectures we discuss in this article. Model 1's cornerstone is the JSP file, which extracts parameters from an HTTP request, calls the required business logic, handles the HTTP session, and then generates HTML.

A complete Model 1 application is composed of a collection of JSP files, mostly independent of each other, and, optionally, a collection of support classes and other components. Earlier technologies, such as ASPs (Active Server Pages) and PHP (hypertext preprocessor), used this same model.


 

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