Java now presents an incredible variety of platforms and APIs
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As Java moves off of the desktop, these diverse specifications accommodate the wide variety of device capabilities and features. For the programmer who already knows Java, this article will help put J2ME and its close relatives in their places.
Java did not start out as a 20MB platform. (In fact, it didn't even start as "Java", but that is another story.) Java started small, aimed at television set top boxes and other interactive devices. Of course, once it got aimed toward web browsers and applets, the brakes were off. As a result, the platform got all kinds of amazing features like Swing, Java 2D, Java 3D, JDBC, EJB, and so on. With each new API, the size of the platform got bigger and bigger and bigger. So did the runtime footprint. These days, it is not uncommon to see Java virtual machines with a gigabyte or more of heap space. Whether you want to call this featuritis, bloat, or customer responsiveness, the fact remains that the Java 1 platform was big, and the standard Java 2 platform is huge.
Obviously, the large size of the platform conflicts with the goal of WORA (write once, run anywhere). Not every device that needs programming can support a multi-megabyte process size. Sun first addressed this need in 1997 with the introduction of several Java platforms, aimed at different segments of the market. JavaCard would take the very smallest devices-smart cards. EmbeddedJava covered devices with no user interface. PersonalJava aimed at the "network appliance" market. Enterprise Java would handle entire corporations. These platforms differed mainly in the subset of the Java API they each supported.
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