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  Tutorial: C and Cpp Programming in C and Cpp Classes Tutorial

Introduction to Object Oriented Programming (OOP).

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Classes in C and Cpp Programming

C++ is a bunch of small additions to C, with a few major additions. One major addition is the object-oriented approach (the other addition is support for generic programming , which we'll cover later). As the name object-oriented programming suggests, this approach deals with objects. Of course, these are not real-life objects themselves. Instead, these objects are the essential definitions of real world objects.

Classes are collections of data related to a single object type. Classes not only include information regarding the real world object, but also functions to access the data, and classes possess the ability to inherit from other classes. (Inheritance is covered in a later lesson.)

If a class is a house, then the functions will be the doors and the variables will be the items inside the house. The functions usually will be the only way to modify the variables in this structure, and they are usually the only way even to access the variables in this structure.

This might seem silly at first, but the idea to make programs more modular - the principle itself is called "encapsulation". The key idea is that the outside world doesn't need to know exactly what data is stored inside the class--it just needs to know which functions it can use to access that data. This allows the implementation to change more easily because nobody should have to rely on it except the class itself.


 

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