Hi Friend,

Encapsulation-Encapsulation is a process of binding or wrapping the data and the codes that operates on the data into a single entity. This keeps the data safe from outside interface and misuse. One way to think about encapsulation is as a protective wrapper that prevents code and data from being arbitrarily accessed by other code defined outside the wrapper.

In other words, encapsulation is the ability of an object to be a container (or capsule) for related properties (ie. data variables) and methods (ie. functions).
Ex:
public class Box
{
private int length;
private int width;
private int height;

public void setLength(int p)
{length = p;}

public void setWidth(int p)
{width = p;}

public void setHeight(int p)
{height = p;}

public int displayVolume()
{System.out.println(length*width*height)...
}

public static void main(String args [ ])
{
Box b1=new Box(3,4,5);
b1.displayvolume();
}
Abstraction-The process of abstraction in Java is used to hide certain details and only show the essential features of the object. In other words, it deals with the outside view of an object (interface).

Modifiers:
If you want to access a particular variable,method or class from anywhere,then make that variable accessible by using public modifier.

If you want to restrict a particular variable,method or class to be accessible outside the class,use private modifier.

Thanks